When we face a stressful event, our bodies respond by activating the nervous system and releasing hormones such as adrenalin and cortisol. These hormones cause physical changes in the body, such as increased heart rate, blood pressure and muscle tension. Our breathing and metabolism speed up. Our pupils dilate and we sweat more. These physical changes help us to react quickly and effectively to get us through stressful situations. These are the usual signs of acute stress.
When stress stays high, additional symptoms can be experienced.
Symptoms of chronic stress include:
- Physical symptoms such as heart palpitations, fatigue, insomnia or other sleep disturbances, stomach upset, diarrhea, frequent headaches, muscular aches and pains, weakened immune system, high blood pressure
- Psychological symptoms such as worry, fear, anger, tearfulness, irritability, anxiety, helplessness, difficulties with concentration or memory, or feeling overwhelmed